Civil court cases arise where an individual or a business believes their rights have been infringed.
Judges presiding over a criminal case are responsible for all matters of law and making sure that all the rules of procedure are properly applied.
Family judges deal with disputes involving parents about their children. They also deal with cases where local councils take action to remove children from their parents' care.
The constitutional position, function and history of the Judge Advocate General (JAG).
Tribunals deal with about one million cases a year, on a huge variety of issues such as disputes over tax, pensions or immigration.
